Overweight and obesity have been associated with increased periodontitis risk. However, uncertainty persists regarding the causal relationship of such conditions. In this study, participants were followed periodically since their birth. Anthropometric measures and habits were assessed during the life-course. Periodontal examinations comprised a full-mouth probing at six sites per tooth using a PCP2 probe.
Two different periodontal disease criteria were adopted for this study: i) American Academy of Periodontology and the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (AAP/CDC); ii) Baelum and Lopez (Combination of Clinical Attachment Loss_CAL_ and Bleeding on Probing_BOP). Hypothetical conditions were set independently to each risk factor and in joint interventions with overweight and obesity on the entire population. Researchers performed the parametric g-formula to estimate the 31-year periodontitis risk considering life-course obesity and overweight in association with other habits.